AWS Cost Efficiency

AWS Savings Plans vs. Reserved Instances

Helping You Choose the Best AWS Cost-Saving Option

In today’s cloud-driven environment,managing and controlling cloud costs is a big challenge for companies. In fact, 94% of organizations say rising cloud costs are a major concern, which can make it harder for them to focus on growth and innovation.[1]

To help with this, AWS offers two main cost-saving options: Savings Plans and Reserved Instances. Both can help businesses reduce their cloud expenses while still being flexible enough to meet changing needs. However, AWS Savings Plans are often the better choice for most businesses. They offer similar savings to Reserved Instances but with more flexibility. AWS even encourages users to sign up for Savings Plans, highlighting that they offer the same savings as Reserved Instances, plus added flexibility.

This guide will explain the differences between AWS Savings Plans and Reserved Instances and demonstrate why Savings Plans are usually the best option for getting the most savings across different workloads.

Understanding AWS Pricing Models

Before diving into Savings Plans and Reserved Instances, it is essential to understand the basic AWS pricing models:

  • On-Demand Pricing: Pay for compute capacity by the hour or second, with no long-term commitments. This model is ideal for unpredictable workloads but can lead to higher costs for consistent usage.
  • Savings Plans: A flexible pricing model that offers lower prices in exchange for a commitment to a specific amount of usage (measured in dollars per hour) over one or three years. Savings Plans can apply to various AWS services beyond EC2, including Lambda and Fargate.
  • Reserved Instances (RIs): A reservation-based pricing model primarily for EC2, which provides substantial discounts for committing to a specific instance type, region, operating system, and tenancy over a defined period.

What is an AWS Savings Plan?

Savings Plans are designed to provide organizations with a flexible way to save on compute costs. They offer significant discounts on EC2, AWS Lambda, and AWS Fargate usage. The core features of Savings Plans include:

Feature Compute Savings Plan EC2 Instance Savings Plan
Description Provides the highest flexibility, applicable to any EC2 instance, AWS Fargate, or Lambda usage across all regions. Offers greater savings but is limited to a specific EC2 instance family in a region.
Applicable Services EC2, AWS Fargate, AWS Lambda EC2
Commitment Options 1-year or 3-year 1-year or 3-year
Expected Savings Up to 66% off On-Demand pricing Up to 72% off On-Demand pricing
Ideal use cases Businesses with variable workloads , Applications transitioning across services and Companies seeking simplicity in management. Stable workloads with predictable resource requirements , Applications tied to specific instance families and Organizations needing capacity reservation.


Consider checking the links below for more detailed insights on AWS Savings Plans:

Example to demonstrate significant savings by utilizing AWS Savings Plan

DataInsight, a data analytics startup, processes large datasets daily on AWS using EC2 On-Demand instances and AWS Fargate. To optimize costs and support growth, they chose a 3-year AWS Compute Savings Plan with No Upfront payment, offering flexibility across EC2 and Fargate without committing to specific instances.

Current Costs with On-Demand Pricing

  • Cost per c5.xlarge instance per hour: $0.17
  • Monthly Cost Calculation for EC2: 20 instances × 24 hours/day × 30 days/month × 0.17 USD/hour = 2,448 USD
  • Current Monthly Fargate Costs: $1,500 (estimated based on variable workloads and job scheduling)
  • Total Monthly Cost: 2,448USD (EC2) + 1,500 USD (Fargate) = 3,948USD

Optimized Costs with 3-Year Compute Savings Plan (No Upfront)

  • Discounted Rate per c5.xlarge instance per hour (Savings Plan): $0.12
  • Monthly Cost Calculation for EC2 under Savings Plan: 20 instances × 24 hours/day × 30 days/month × 0.12 USD/hour = 1,728 USD
  • Estimated Monthly Fargate Costs with Savings Plan: $1,050 (30% savings)
  • Total Monthly Optimized Cost: 1,728 USD (EC2) + 1,050 USD (Fargate) = 2,778USD

Cost Savings

  • Monthly Savings: 3,948 USD (current cost) − 2,778 USD (optimized cost) = 1,170 USD
  • Annual Savings: 1,170 USD × 12 months = 14,040USD

With a 3-year AWS Compute Savings Plan, DataInsight saves $14,040 annually, cutting cloud costs by 30% while maintaining flexibility to scale workloads across EC2 and Fargate, supporting cost-effective growth.

What are Reserved Instances?

Reserved Instances (RIs) provide significant savings for organizations that can commit to using specific EC2 instances over a defined period. RIs require upfront commitment and are associated with specific instance types, regions, operating systems, and tenancies.

Let’s understand parameters for reserved instances through the table below:

Attribute Standard RIs Convertible RIs Scheduled RIs
Description Capacity reservation for a specific instance type and region, offering the highest discounts with limited modification options. Allows modifications to instance family, OS, and tenancy during the term, with slightly lower discounts. Allows reservation of capacity on a recurring schedule for workloads with predictable start and end times.
Use Case Long-term, steady-state workloads with consistent demand. Workloads that need flexibility in instance configuration over time. Periodic workloads with defined schedules, such as daily or monthly jobs.
Discount Level Highest Moderate Lower than Standard and Convertible RIs
Flexibility Limited; can modify specific attributes like availability zone. High; can modify instance family, OS, and tenancy. Flexible within the reserved schedule but not ideal for continuous workloads.
Term Length Options 1 or 3 years 1 or 3 years 1 year
Payment Options All upfront, Partial upfront, No upfront All upfront, Partial upfront, No upfront All upfront only
Limitations Predictable, continuous workloads without configuration changes. Workloads with fluctuating requirements or configurations. Scheduled or predictable batch jobs, often during off-peak hours.


Consider checking the links below for more detailed insights on EC2 pricing and Reserved Instances:

Example to demonstrate significant savings by utilizing AWS Reserved Instances:

WebInnovate, a startup using 10 m5.large EC2 On-Demand instances, switches to 3-Year Reserved Instances with Partial Upfront payment to save costs as its user base grows, ensuring profitability and consistent performance.

Current Costs

  • Cost per instance per hour (On-Demand): $0.096
  • Monthly Cost Calculation: 10 instances × 24 hours / day × 30 days / month × 0.096 USD / hour = 864 USD
  • Optimized Costs with 3-Year Reserved Instances (Partial Upfront)
  • Cost per instance per hour (Reserved Instances): $0.067
  • Monthly Cost Calculation :   10 instances×24 hours/day×30 days/month×0.067 USD/hour=482.40 USD

Savings

  • Monthly Savings:864 USD (current cost)−482.40 USD (optimized cost)=381.60 USD
  • Annual Savings: 381.60 USD×12 months=4,579.20 USD

By switching to 3-Year Reserved Instances with Partial Upfront payment, WebInnovate saves $4,579.20 annually, reducing infrastructure costs by 44% while ensuring consistent performance and predictable rates.

Organizations like Delhivery, Airbnb, Alert Logic and many others have significantly reduced their cloud costs by utilizing Reserved Instances and Savings Plans.

Delhivery achieved an immediate 30-32% savings on OpenSearch and ElastiCache. They also acquired a 3-year Savings Plan, resulting in a 45-50% discount on on-demand usage.[2] Ari Siegel, Senior Finance Manager at Airbnb, stated, “Using Savings Plans has led to a significant improvement in our cloud management process, reducing operational workload while driving meaningful cost savings.”[3] Jamie Parker, Manager of Cloud Operations at Alert Logic has stated that Savings Plans covered nearly 80% of its compute capacity, leading to a 52% reduction in compute costs for its Amazon EC2 resources.[4]


These examples highlight the effectiveness of AWS Savings Plan.

To wrap up, let’s look at a comparison of AWS Savings Plans and Reserved Instances and explain why even AWS often recommends Savings Plans for most users today:

Comparison of AWS Savings Plans and Reserved Instances

AWS Savings Plans and Reserved Instances each offer unique advantages and can be suited to different business requirements. Here’s how:

Feature AWS Savings Plans Reserved Instances (RIs)
Flexibility High; covers EC2, Lambda, Fargate Limited; tied to specific instance types and configurations
Applicable to Services EC2, Lambda, Fargate (Compute Savings Plan) Primarily EC2
Discount Level Up to 66% (Compute) or 72% (EC2 Instance Savings Plan) Up to 72% (varies by commitment)
Commitment Options 1-year or 3-year 1-year or 3-year, with options for upfront payments
Ideal Use Cases Varied workloads, evolving applications Stable, predictable workloads
Capacity Reservation No Yes


AWS Savings Plans offer flexibility across multiple services, providing cost-saving opportunities for diverse and evolving workloads. They are ideal for organizations with dynamic requirements or a mix of services, as they are not bound to specific instance types or regions. With Savings Plans, businesses can benefit from streamlined cloud cost management, especially if their usage patterns or infrastructure needs frequently change.

Conclusion

For organizations seeking a balance between cost savings and operational flexibility, AWS Savings Plans provide a robust, adaptable solution. By allowing commitments across multiple AWS services—including EC2, Lambda, and Fargate—Savings Plans cater to businesses with variable and dynamic workloads, making them an ideal choice for most use cases today.

Stay tuned for our next article where we will dive deep into best practices of buying a savings plan!

References

1. Virtana Research: 94% of IT Leaders Report Cloud Storage Costs Are Rising; 54% Confirm Storage Spend is Growing Faster Compared to Overall Cloud Costs

2. Delhivery Case Study | AWS Cloud Financial Management

3. Optimizing Usage and Costs by Using Savings Plans and Actionable Cost Data on AWS | Airbnb Case Study

4. Alert Logic Reduces Cloud Costs 28% by Leveraging AWS Financial Management Strategies

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